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During the last decade, Latin American countries have strongly increased their participation in international assessments, especially in the Programa Internacional para la Evaluacion de Estudiantes (PISA-International Program for Student Assessment) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and to a lesser extent in the TIMSS2 and the International Civic Education Study, both conducted by the IEA3. Their participation has also been very high in the Segundo Estudio Regional Comparativo y Explicativo (SERCE- Second Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study) conducted by the UNESCO / OREALC4.