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LATIN AMERICA ADVISOR

LATIN AMERICA ADVISOR

A daily publication Of the dialogue

October 14, 2025

Will an Agreement for Free Movement Aid the Caribbean?

Citizens of four Caribbean nations will be allowed to live and work indefinitely in each other’s countries under an agreement that took effect this month. Kingstown, the capital of St. Vincent and the Grenadines, is pictured. // File Photo: vadim.nefedov via Adobe Stock.

Q

  • Under an agreement that took effect Oct. 1, citizens of four Caribbean nations—Barbados, Belize, Dominica and St. Vincent and the Grenadines—will be allowed to reside, work and stay indefinitely in each other’s countries. Barbados’ commissioner to the Caribbean Community, Caricom, told The Guardian that the “free-movement agreement” is part of an effort at economic and cultural integration and forming a single market. What will be the economic effects of the agreement on the four nations and on the Caribbean more broadly? To what extent will the deal incentivize skilled professionals to stay in the Caribbean rather than emigrating to North America or Europe? How much will the deal pave the way for further economic integration efforts in the Caribbean?

A

G. Philip Hughes, president of the Council of American Ambassadors and former U.S. ambassador to Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean: “The four Caribbean nations’ agreement to implement free movement of their citizens among their territories is the latest concrete step toward a long-cherished—but somewhat feared—goal of Caribbean regional integration—one that dates back at least to the 1989 Caricom Single Market and Economy agreement, fitfully implemented over the ensuing quarter century. Anxieties of better-off small economies being ‘flooded’ with migrants from poorer Caricom members, of stiffer competition for better jobs, of loss of immigration control and other security concerns have long impeded progress in this area. The Organization of Eastern Caribbean States’ 2011 initiative for free movement of their citizens among members’ territories…”

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