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LATIN AMERICA ADVISOR

LATIN AMERICA ADVISOR

A daily publication Of the dialogue

January 6, 2023

What Would Land Redistribution Mean for Colombia?

Colombia’s government is planning an agrarian reform that would include land redistribution. Coffee plants near Manizales, Colombia are pictured. // File Photo: U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization.

Q

  • The Colombian government plans to address agrarian land redistribution by buying parcels of land and delivering them to rural communities. Land ownership in Colombia is disproportionate and among the most concentrated in the world. It has often been at the root of longstanding conflicts in the country, and the government’s plan is part of a promised agricultural reform that will develop gradually, Agriculture Minister Cecilia López said on Dec. 13. The pace of the land purchases will depend on the president, as well as on the availability of state finances, she added. How significant is the move in addressing land redistribution in the country, and what will it take for the plan to succeed? What further reforms should President Gustavo Petro implement to tackle the issue?

A

Juan Sebastián Galán Guerrero, associate professor in the Department of Economics at the University of the Andes in Colombia: “I’m a bit skeptical about President Gustavo Petro’s land reform. His idea is very similar to President Carlos Lleras’ failed reform in the late 1960s, when the government tried to buy inefficient land and redistribute it to landless farmers. Petro has bargained a very vague deal with Fedegán–the cattle ranchers’ national association–to reduce political opposition from the landowning elite, even including its president in the ELN peace negotiations. Yet, apart from some symbolic announcements, Petro has no major concrete policies or plans to overcome the historical institutional and legal constraints that frustrated previous reforms. Today, Colombia doesn’t have an updated cadaster, a proper land tax, robust public finances to buy inefficient land or…”

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